Cooling technology of embedded backlight LED panel lights: active and passive cooling

1. Active cooling
Active cooling refers to the use of external power equipment (such as fans) to force air convection, thereby removing the heat inside the lamp to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation. In embedded backlight LED panel lights, active cooling usually adopts fan-forced cooling.

Working principle
Fan-forced cooling generates airflow through the rotation of the fan, extracts the hot air inside the lamp, and inhales cold air for replacement, thereby forming air convection to take away the heat. This method has high heat dissipation efficiency and can quickly remove the heat generated by the LED to ensure that the temperature inside the lamp remains within a reasonable range.

Advantages
High heat dissipation efficiency: Fan-forced cooling can quickly remove heat and effectively reduce the temperature inside the lamp.

Wide range of applications: For LED panel lights with high power and high heat generation, fan-forced cooling is an effective heat dissipation method.

Disadvantages
Increased complexity: The addition of fans increases the complexity and cost of lamps, and requires additional power supply and control circuits.

Noise problem: The fan will generate a certain amount of noise during operation, affecting the use environment.
Limited applicability: In some occasions with high noise requirements, such as libraries and conference rooms, fan-forced cooling may not be applicable.
Application scenarios
Active cooling is suitable for embedded backlight LED panel lights with high heat dissipation requirements and high power, such as commercial lighting, industrial lighting and other occasions.

2. Passive cooling
Passive cooling refers to the use of physical principles such as natural convection or heat conduction to dissipate heat without the need for external power equipment. In embedded backlight LED panel lights, passive cooling usually uses natural convection cooling and loop heat pipe cooling.

Natural convection cooling
Working principle: Natural convection cooling dissipates heat through direct contact between the radiator and the air. When the heat generated by the LED is transferred to the radiator, the air on the surface of the radiator is heated and rises, forming natural convection to take away the heat.
Advantages: No additional energy consumption, simple structure, and low cost.
Disadvantages: Relatively low heat dissipation efficiency, suitable for LED panel lights with low power and low heat generation.
Loop heat pipe cooling
Working principle: Loop heat pipe cooling uses heat pipe technology to quickly transfer heat to the radiator. The inside of the heat pipe is filled with working medium. When one end is heated, the working medium evaporates and carries the heat to the other end, and then condenses to release the heat, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation.
Advantages: high heat dissipation efficiency, can quickly export heat, suitable for LED panel lights with high power and high heat generation.
Disadvantages: relatively complex structure and high cost.
Advantages and disadvantages of passive heat dissipation
Advantages: no external power equipment is required, low energy consumption, low noise, suitable for various occasions.
Disadvantages: relatively low heat dissipation efficiency, may not meet the heat dissipation requirements for LED panel lights with high power and high heat generation.
Application scenarios
Passive heat dissipation is suitable for embedded backlight LED panel lights with high noise requirements, low power and low heat generation, such as home lighting, office lighting and other occasions.

3. Choice of active heat dissipation and passive heat dissipation
When choosing the heat dissipation method of embedded backlight LED panel lights, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the power, heat generation, use environment and cost of the lamp. For lamps with high power and high heat generation, it is recommended to choose active cooling to ensure the heat dissipation effect; for lamps with low power and low heat generation, passive cooling can be selected to reduce energy consumption and noise.

It is also possible to combine multiple cooling methods for optimized design. For example, cooling fins are set inside the lamp to increase the heat dissipation area, while natural convection cooling or loop heat pipe cooling are used outside to assist heat dissipation, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation effect.